Skip to main content
Atlas Manual

Behavioral Economics & Brain Science — Expansion

49 terms across 15 themes — every definition in the Atlas sourced from this manual, with executive examples and counter-moves.

49 of 49 terms
Mental Models · Habit
Basal Ganglia

Subcortical structures that store and execute habits and procedural skills.

Mental Models · Motivation
Behavioral Activation System (BAS)

Approach motivation — pursuit of rewards and goals.

Mental Models · Motivation
Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)

Avoidance motivation — sensitivity to punishment, uncertainty, and threat.

Mental Models · Social
Cheerleader Bias (Group Attractiveness)

Faces and brands look more appealing in a group than individually.

Mental Models · Decision
Construal Level Theory

Psychological distance shifts thinking between abstract and concrete.

Mental Models · Culture
Cultural Tightness-Looseness

Cultures vary in how strictly norms are enforced and deviance punished.

Mental Models · Decision
Diderot Effect

One new possession spirals into a cascade of complementary purchases.

Mental Models · Social
Diffusion of Responsibility

Responsibility dilutes across a group until it disappears.

Mental Models · Motivation
Endowed Progress Effect

Giving someone artificial early progress increases the chance they finish.

Mental Models · Reasoning
Forer / Barnum Effect

Vague personality descriptions feel uniquely accurate.

Mental Models · Motivation
Fresh Start Effect

Temporal landmarks (Monday, January, birthday) trigger new behavior attempts.

Mental Models · Time
Future Self Continuity

How vividly we connect to our future self predicts long-term decision quality.

Mental Models · Motivation
Galatea Effect

What people expect of themselves shapes what they achieve.

Mental Models · Cognition
Glymphatic System

The brain's overnight cleaning system; clears metabolic waste during sleep.

Mental Models · Motivation
Goal Gradient Effect

Effort accelerates as the goal gets closer.

Mental Models · Memory
Hippocampus

Brain structure central to memory formation, spatial navigation, and learning.

Mental Models · Decision
Horn Effect

One negative trait taints judgment of everything else about a person or company.

Mental Models · Identity
Identity-Based Motivation

We act in ways that confirm 'people like me do things like this.'

Mental Models · Social
Illusion of Asymmetric Insight

We believe we understand others better than they understand us.

Mental Models · Motivation
Implementation Intention

If-then plans dramatically increase follow-through on intentions.

Mental Models · Culture
Individualism-Collectivism

The relative weight a culture gives to individual goals vs. group cohesion.

Mental Models · Cognition
Interoception

The sense of the internal state of the body — heartbeat, hunger, tension.

Mental Models · Habit
Keystone Habit

A single habit whose adoption cascades into many other behavior changes.

Mental Models · Motivation
Mental Contrasting

Contrast vivid future success with concrete present obstacles to drive action.

Mental Models · Consciousness
Metacognitive Calibration

Knowing what you know — and how confidently you know it.

Mental Models · Learning
Myelination

Insulation of neural pathways speeds signal transmission with practice.

Mental Models · Identity
Narrative Identity

We construct a coherent life story; that story shapes future decisions.

Mental Models · Learning
Neurogenesis

New neurons are formed in the adult brain, especially the hippocampus.

Mental Models · Reward
Nucleus Accumbens

Key node of the brain's reward circuit; tracks anticipation of rewards.

Mental Models · Motivation
Ovsiankina Effect

Interrupted tasks generate a pull to resume them.

Mental Models · Social
Pluralistic Ignorance

Everyone privately disagrees with a norm but believes everyone else accepts it.

Mental Models · Identity
Possible Selves

Vivid images of who we could become drive present-day effort.

Mental Models · Culture
Power Distance

How much hierarchical inequality a culture accepts as normal.

Mental Models · Social
Pratfall Effect

Competent people become more likable after a small visible mistake.

Mental Models · Cognition
Prefrontal Cortex

Brain region for planning, impulse control, and executive function.

Mental Models · Cognition
Proprioception

The sense of where the body is in space.

Mental Models · Decision
Psychological Distance

Distance in time, space, social relation, or hypotheticality changes judgment.

Mental Models · Decision
Self-Distancing

Thinking about yourself in the third person reduces emotional reactivity and improves judgment.

Mental Models · Decision
Self-Licensing

A 'good' act gives moral permission for a later 'bad' one.

Mental Models · Economics
Snob Effect

Demand for a good drops as more people own it.

Mental Models · Social
Spiral of Silence

People stay quiet when they sense their view is minority — even when it isn't.

Mental Models · Time
Temporal Landmark

A point in time that feels meaningfully separate from before — and invites new behavior.

Mental Models · Habit
Tiny Habits (Fogg)

Start absurdly small, anchor to an existing routine, celebrate immediately.

Mental Models · Stress
Vagus Nerve

Major nerve of the parasympathetic system; regulates calm, social engagement, and recovery.

Mental Models · Economics
Veblen Effect

Demand rises with price because the price itself signals status.

Mental Models · Reward
Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA)

Source of dopamine signals projecting to reward and motivation circuits.

Mental Models · Culture
WEIRD Populations

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic — a tiny, atypical psychological sample.

Mental Models · Motivation
WOOP Method

Wish → Outcome → Obstacle → Plan. A goal-setting protocol from Oettingen.

Mental Models · Motivation
Zeigarnik Effect

Unfinished tasks stick in working memory more than completed ones.