Optionality is investments that give you future choices. It sits in the Cognition dimension (COG) of the Human Behavior Taxonomy™ as element HBT-COG-0507, within the Strategy family. The core principle: investments that give you future choices. In incentive terms, it matters because it changes the payoff people perceive before they choose — which means it can be designed for, or exploited.
Scientific Definition
Investments that give you future choices.
Plain-English Definition
Investments that give you future choices.
Feynman Explanation
The right to act, with no obligation to. Worth more than it sounds.
Core Principle
Investments that give you future choices.
Mechanisms
Pending editorial review.
Investments that give you future choices.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
Innovation portfolio construction.
Inputs (Triggers)
Pending editorial review.
Outputs (Behaviors)
Pending editorial review.
Behavioral Signature
The right to act, with no obligation to. Worth more than it sounds.
Examples
- Small bets across many promising areas vs. one large committed bet.
- Innovation portfolio construction.
Pending editorial review.
Original analysis from The Incentives Lab — how this element behaves inside real payoff structures.
Why this element matters to incentive design
When this element shows up in a diagnostic, the instinct is to train people out of it. Training rarely moves it. The mechanism underneath it is straightforward: investments that give you future choices. You can recognize it in the field by its signature: the right to act, with no obligation to. Worth more than it sounds. Every element in the Cognition dimension changes the perceived payoff of an action before the action happens, which is exactly where incentive design has leverage.
How it gets exploited
Left undesigned, innovation portfolio construction. It is amplified whenever innovation portfolio construction. Inside organizations that shows up as innovation portfolio construction. The pattern is the same one Goodhart's Law describes: the measurable proxy attracts the effort, and the purpose behind it quietly loses funding.
How the Lab designs around it
The redesign move is to price the option value of every initiative, not just its expected return. Treat it as infrastructure. Once you can see it in your own system, most of the argument about culture resolves itself.
Famous Experiments
Pending editorial review.
Design Principles
- Price the option value of every initiative, not just its expected return.
Measurement Approaches
Pending editorial review.
Evidence
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
The Perverse Incentive Lens™
How this behavior is exploited — and how to redesign around it.
- Price the option value of every initiative, not just its expected return.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
Interactive Mini Network
Click any neighbor to re-center the graph and follow the threads of connection.
Knowledge Graph Neighbors
Auto-linked to the rest of the Human Behavior Taxonomy by family, domain, dimension, and shared keywords.
Basics first (health/finances), then depth (mastery/impact), then altruism (widening circle).
A problem whose solution requires people to change their values, beliefs, or habits — not just apply expertise.
Holding a different — and correct — set of tools than everyone else.
Someone who incites others to take illegal or rash action, often to expose or discredit them.
Sun Tzu's ancient treatise on strategy, deception, and positioning.
Conflict between belligerents with very different resources and tactics.
Start from the desired future and work backward to the steps that make it inevitable.
Winning the disputed population, not just defeating the visible opponent.
Countering hostile narratives with truthful, well-timed alternatives.
Sort situations into Clear, Complicated, Complex, Chaotic, or Confused — each needs a different response.
Eroding the will to act, even when capacity remains.
Munger's principle: the surest way to get something is to deserve it.
Where Optionality is cited in the corpus
Essays, field guides, and diagnostics from The Incentives Lab that apply this element.
- EssayGoodhart's Law in the Real World
How measurable proxies capture judgment.
- EssayThe Perverse Incentives Hiding in Your KPIs
Cognitive shortcuts turned into scorecards.
- EssayAI Agents Inherit Your Incentives
How this element propagates into automated systems.
- ReferenceThe incentive glossary
Definitions for every mental model, bias, and fallacy in the corpus.
- CourseIncentives 101
The free ten-part primer on reading a payoff structure.
- ReferenceThe Periodic Table of Human Behavior
The full 1,267-element map this page belongs to.
Questions about Optionality
- What is Optionality?
- Optionality is investments that give you future choices. It sits in the Cognition dimension (COG) of the Human Behavior Taxonomy™ as element HBT-COG-0507, within the Strategy family. The core principle: investments that give you future choices. In incentive terms, it matters because it changes the payoff people perceive before they choose — which means it can be designed for, or exploited.
- What is an example of Optionality?
- Innovation portfolio construction. The Incentives Lab catalogs everyday, organizational, and historical instances of this element on its Human Behavior Taxonomy™ page (HBT-COG-0507).
- How is Optionality exploited?
- Innovation portfolio construction.
- How do you design around Optionality?
- Price the option value of every initiative, not just its expected return.
- Which behavioral dimension does Optionality belong to?
- Optionality is classified in the Cognition dimension (COG) of the Human Behavior Taxonomy™, family "Strategy", class "Mental Model". Its permanent identifier is HBT-COG-0507 and its evidence grade is B.