Scientific Definition
Believing previously learned misinformation even after it has been corrected.
Plain-English Definition
Believing previously learned misinformation even after it has been corrected.
Feynman Explanation
Corrections rarely catch up with the original lie.
Core Principle
Believing previously learned misinformation even after it has been corrected.
Mechanisms
Pending editorial review.
Believing previously learned misinformation even after it has been corrected.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
First impressions are sticky even when wrong.
Inputs (Triggers)
Pending editorial review.
Outputs (Behaviors)
Pending editorial review.
Behavioral Signature
Corrections rarely catch up with the original lie.
Examples
- A retracted rumor still shapes how employees view a leader.
- First impressions are sticky even when wrong.
Pending editorial review.
Famous Experiments
Pending editorial review.
Design Principles
- Repeat the correction with the original false claim to overwrite it.
Measurement Approaches
Pending editorial review.
Evidence
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
The Perverse Incentive Lens™
How this behavior is exploited — and how to redesign around it.
- Repeat the correction with the original false claim to overwrite it.
Pending editorial review.
Pending editorial review.
Interactive Mini Network
Click any neighbor to re-center the graph and follow the threads of connection.
Knowledge Graph Neighbors
Auto-linked to the rest of the Human Behavior Taxonomy by family, domain, dimension, and shared keywords.
Unusual or bizarre material is more memorable than common material.
A conditioned response changes disproportionately when reinforcement changes.
Forcing yourself to explain a concept reveals exactly where your understanding is hollow.
As more facts are learned about a topic, retrieving any one fact slows.
IQ scores have risen substantially over generations.
Items that stand out are more likely to be remembered.
Your capacity to learn, unlearn, and relearn faster than the environment changes.
Malcolm Knowles's principles of adult learning: self-direction, experience as resource, readiness, problem-centered orientation, intrinsic motivation.
Amishi Jha's research: attention is a finite, depletable, but trainable cognitive resource — short daily mindfulness measurably improves it.
Approach a situation as if you knew nothing.
Hierarchy of cognitive learning: Remember → Understand → Apply → Analyze → Evaluate → Create. Benjamin Bloom, 1956 (revised 2001).
Wallace J. Nichols: proximity to water reliably shifts the nervous system toward a calmer, more creative state.